What is the meaning of the prefix "contra"?

The prefix "contra" originates from Latin, where it means "against" or "opposite." In medical terminology, it is often used to indicate opposition or resistance to something. For instance, "contraceptive" refers to methods that work against conception. This demonstrates the prefix's primary significance of being in opposition.

While understanding the meanings of prefixes is crucial, other options do not accurately define "contra." "Reverse" implies changing something back to a previous state, "with" suggests a partnership or accompaniment, and "near" denotes proximity, neither of which align with the definition and usage of "contra" in medical and general contexts. Thus, the choice that captures the essence of the prefix is "against."