What does pronation refer to?

Pronation refers specifically to the movement of turning the foot or palm downward. In the context of the foot, pronation occurs when the foot rolls inward and the arch flattens during walking or running. This movement is essential for proper shock absorption and balance.

In relation to the palm, pronation involves rotating the forearm so that the palm faces downward or backward. This action is common in various activities, such as when performing a push-up or stretching the arm out to the side.

Understanding pronation is crucial in several fields, including sports medicine and physical therapy, as it can significantly impact overall movement patterns and biomechanics.